The Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine consists of a pump that sucks air from the room through a filter and blows it out at a pre-determined or variable pressure during the night. The pressure varies according to the patient's needs.
Some people find it harder to get to sleep when their PCAP machine is blowing pressurised air. For this reason, some machines have the option to build up pressure over a period of time while you sleep.
If you are not tolerant of fixed CPAP therapy, a bi-level device is available that will provide two levels of pressure: a higher pressure on inspiration and a lower pressure on exhalation.
Bi-Level therapy may be used by those of you who require increased support of your airway during the night.
The mask The mask is made of soft flexible cushioned material and fits snugly around the nose. There are several types of masks available with varying designs, but they all share a number of common features.
The nasal maskThe standard mask fits over the nose leaving the mouth free. A good seal around the nose is important to minimise leaks of air.
The full face mask Full face masks cover the nose and mouth. They are usually recommended if you have problems with air leaking from your mouth or if you tend to breathe through your mouth generally. A good seal and comfortable fit is important. Small leaks around the mask, as long as they are not into the eyes, are acceptable. The masks are made of soft, flexible cushioned material that fit snugly on the face. There are various sizes and styles available.
The headgear The headgear is provided to keep the mask in position while you are asleep. It may consist of thin straps or a full cap to be worn on the head.
The straps are attached loosely to the mask before positioning over the nose. Once the mask is positioned, the straps can be adjusted so that the bottom straps are below the ears and the top centre strap passes over the top centre of your head.
Once the PAP machine is turned on, the straps can be adjusted until a comfortable fit is achieved to minimise air leaks from the mask. Your Air Products technician will advise you on mask fitting skills. The headgear should not be over-tightened. You may otherwise experience discomfort from a tightly fitting mask.
Your Air Products technician will advise you of the most appropriate way of removing your mask.Position your PAP machine and tubing to suit your preferred sleeping position. Some people prefer to bring the tubing over the top of the headboard whilst others run it over their shoulder. You can select whichever is the more comfortable for you.
When using your nasal PAP for the first time you will notice an unusual sense of pressure when breathing. It is normal to feel some resistance to breathing out as you are breathing out against the incoming airflow.
It is better to keep your mouth closed when wearing the mask. If you open your mouth, air will leak out and this may feel uncomfortable and restrictive.
If you wake in the night and feel uncomfortable with the pressure of the airflow, switch off the machine and remove the facemask for a few minutes. When you replace the mask make sure it is comfortable before restarting the machine and breathe slowly with your mouth closed.
Some PAP devices feature a ‘ramp’ comfort feature which may assist you when starting/restarting your therapy. Advice on this will be given by your Air Products technician on installation.
Common nasal problems
Occasionally, the PAP treatment can irritate the nasal lining, which results in sneezing and a runny nose, similar to hay fever. This may settle down on its own, but if it does not then it would be wise to consult your doctor or respiratory specialist.
Some people may experience a continuing dryness of the nose and throat in which case it may be helpful to be prescribed a heated humidifier to be used in conjunction with your PAP device.
If you have a cold and it becomes difficult to use the PAP system, then consult your doctor or respiratory specialist and they will decide whether treatment should be temporarily stopped.
If the fitting of your mask is too tight, you may find it marks your face. Repeated over tightening can cause further skin problems and may require revision of your mask type and/or fit.
Ensure that you clean and wash your masks and tubing in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
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